The seed is entirely enclosed by a modified ovuliferous scale known as the epimatium.
2.
The female cones are highly reduced, with just one ovuliferous scale and one seed.
3.
The single seed of the cone is covered by a modified ovuliferous scale known as the epimatium.
4.
As the seed matures, the ovuliferous scale develops into a fleshy "'aril "'partly enclosing the seed.
5.
The female cone has two types of scale : the bract scales, derived from a modified leaf, and the seed scales ( or ovuliferous scales ), one subtended by each bract scale, derived from a highly modified cylindrical or ovoid ( egg-shaped ), and small to very large, from 2 60 cm long and 1 20 cm broad.
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